• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device for the breeding of flying insects of the Hermetia Illucens or similar type, remarkable in that it consists of at least a first so-called pupa chamber (1) comprising at least one shelf (2) receiving trays (3) in which are placed insect pupae, a blower heater (4) and a humidifier (5), at least one second so-called laying chamber (6) comprising at least one sieve ( 7) horizontal separating said spawning chamber (6) in an upper part (6a) said aviary and a lower portion (6b) said collector, said sieve (7) having holes whose dimensions are just greater than the dimensions of the eggs and larvae of insects and whose dimensions are smaller than the dimensions of the insect imagos, and a pipe (8) connecting the pupa chamber (1) to the upper part (6a) of the laying chamber (6).
    公开号:FR3013561A1
    申请号:FR1361758
    申请日:2013-11-28
    公开日:2015-05-29
    发明作者:Pierre Furtos
    申请人:Pierre Furtos；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of industrial or domestic bioconversion and more particularly to the field of flies Hermetia Illucens, commonly known as black soldier flies, allowing the degradation of organic waste in compost in particular. PRIOR ART In the field of bioconversion, it is well known to use Hermetia Illucens fly larvae to degrade organic waste into compost. Industrial bioconversion, or domestic bioconversion, consists of the degradation of organic waste into living food, (in our case in the form of larvae), and into raw materials. Bioconversion is part of the recycling of organic waste. The Hermetia Illucens fly, also known as the black soldier fly, is a member of the Diptera family and more specifically is a tropical fly that is poorly adapted to the temperate climate because it does not withstand low temperatures. The development of this dipteran occurs in several phases, namely egg, larva, pupa and imago (flying fly). Its growth slows to around 14-15 ° C and is completely inactivated around 10 ° C. These flies copulate more or less, depending on the intensity and duration of the lighting. These flies copulate two days after hatching, females lay four to six days later. The black soldier fly is ephemeral. She lives about 10 to 12 days on her reserves, having no mouth or digestive tract. Its only purpose is reproduction, which must be done on a dry support. Each black soldier fly larvae can degrade about 5 g of organic waste per second and convert it into compost. Bioconversion therefore transforms organic waste into compost and live larvae. Compost is used for agriculture; part of the larvae, used for animal feed, or human when it is legalized in France, the other part of the 10-2 larvae used for breeding. It should be noted that this composting is the only one able to degrade proteins such as meat and fish, other composting systems that induce gases, foul odors, and high temperatures, that is to say temperatures of about 90 ° C.
    [0002] Until now, domestic bioconversion is done on a small scale, in crates, boxes, or greenhouses or small family composters. The breeding of these flies, from organic waste, is done in a unit of place, that is to say, that the laying, the growth of the larvae, the composting, their transformation into pupa, the hatching of the flies, is done and practiced, in the same cage, in the same box, or in the same aviary. Producers must bring the organic waste in contact with the larvae to obtain, on the spot, a reproduction cycle, which depends on the season, the climate, and the production of the waste. Most of these farms are confined to tropical areas, with the largest of these production units in South Africa and the southern United States. In Indonesia, the processing of waste from palm oil processing is open-air. Indonesia being the world's largest producer of palm oil, this bioconversion is done in the open, without any protection. Composting enriches the soil of the primary forest.
    [0003] In order to improve the profitability of this type of bioconversion and to allow the breeding of these Hermetia Illucens flies outside the tropics, that is to say in the temperate zones in particular, Hermetia fly incubators have already been devised. illucens. This is particularly the case of the Korean patent application KR100952085 and the Chinese patent application CN102499190. Korean patent application KR100952085 discloses apparatus for black soldier flies to obtain good quality compost by treating food waste and excreting livestock without bad odor and massively producing fly larvae of black soldier. The apparatus for the breeding of black soldier flies includes a spawning chamber in which the imago of the black soldier fly spawns, an incubation room which cultivates the egg generated by the imago, a so-called reproduction chamber which is equipped with a control room controlling the humidity - 3 - and the air condition of the laying chamber, a temperature control unit which regularly maintains the temperature of the laying chamber and the chamber incubation unit, a humidity control unit of the inner part of the reproduction chamber, an air purification unit and an air circulation unit providing a circulation of purified air from outside air. Chinese patent application CN102499190 discloses a bioprocessor for Hermetia Illucens of the ventilated and stirred type. The bioprocessor includes an incubator and a substrate for supporting the incubator. A plurality of mixers are attached to the upper wall of the incubator, the agitator shaft of each mixer extending into the incubator to reach the bottom. The upper wall of the oven is also provided with an air purification device in communication with the interior space of the oven via an air duct. The upper wall of the oven is also provided with a feed hole. The inner wall of the incubator is also provided with a sensor. One end of the substrate is rotated relative to the corresponding position of the incubator by a rotating shaft so as to fix the incubator on the substrate. The central portion of the substrate is provided with an extension link capable of supporting the incubator. The substrate is also provided with a vibrating motor and a side of the rotational shaft of the incubator is provided with an unloading door.
    [0004] These devices do not make it possible to dissociate the reproduction part of the growing part of the larvae and composting in particular. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One of the aims of the invention is thus to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a device for breeding flying insects of the Hermetia Illucens or similar type of simple and inexpensive design and particularly adapted to the zones. whose climate is temperate, which is not the natural habitat of these flies. Another object of the invention is to provide a device for dissociating the reproduction part of the growth part of the larvae and composting in particular allowing the development of native larvae, in any season, under optimal and programmed conditions, depending on the composting volume to obtain, the small larvae can be transported and placed on organic waste having begun their fermentation (resulting in an exothermic reaction, favorable to the growth of larvae) so that organic waste does not need to to be moved.
    [0005] For this purpose and in accordance with the invention, there is provided a device for the breeding of flying insects of the Hermetia Illucens or similar type, remarkable in that it consists of at least a first chamber called pupa comprising at least one shelf receiving trays in which are placed insect pupae, a blower heater and a humidifier, at least one second so-called laying chamber comprising at least one horizontal screen separating said laying chamber in an upper part said aviary and a lower collector said portion, said sieve having holes whose dimensions are just greater than the size of the eggs and insect larvae and whose dimensions are smaller than the dimensions of the insect imagos, and a pipe connecting the chamber of pupae at the upper part of the laying chamber. Preferably, said sieve consists of a net whose meshes have dimensions of 2 mm by 2 or 3 mm.
    [0006] Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises containers positioned in the lower part of the laying chamber, under the sieve, to collect the eggs and / or larvae of the insects. Each container comprises a nourishing substrate. Said substrate is preferably composed of bran flour and / or fruits and / or vegetables and / or fresh manure. In addition, said laying chamber consists of a floor, a translucent ceiling and side walls, at least one wall is translucent.
    [0007] In addition, the device comprises reefs extending in the upper part of the laying chamber. Said repositions consist of honeycombed pieces suspended from the ceiling of the laying chamber. Furthermore, the blower heater and the humidifier are positioned on the floor of the pupa chamber under a grill, and the blower heater preferably consists of a heat pump coupled to a blower. In order to regulate the temperature and hygrometry, the device comprises at least one temperature sensor and a hygrometry sensor connected to a control box controlling the blower and the humidifier. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description of several alternative embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the device for breeding flying insects of the Hermetia Illucens type in accordance with FIG. the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the device for breeding fly insects type Hermetia Illucens according to the invention. - Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the device according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the following description of the device for breeding insects according to the invention, the same reference numerals designate the same elements. In addition, the different views are not necessarily drawn to scale. With reference to FIG. 1, the device for the breeding of insects according to the invention consists on the one hand of a first so-called pupa chamber (1) comprising one or more shelves (2) receiving trays (3). ) in which are placed insect pupae, a blower heater (4) and a humidifier (5), and secondly a second so-called laying chamber (6) comprising a horizontal sieve (7) separating said laying chamber (6) in an upper part (6a) called aviary and a lower part - 6 - (6b) said collector, a pipe (8) connecting the pupa chamber (1) to the upper part (6a) of the laying chamber (6). It is obvious that the device according to the invention may comprise a plurality of spawning chambers (6) and / or a plurality of pupa chambers (1) without departing from the scope of the invention. Said sieve (7) has holes whose dimensions are just greater than the size of the eggs and insect larvae and whose dimensions are smaller than the size of the insect imagos. This sieve (7) preferably consists of a net whose meshes have dimensions of 2 mm by 2 or 3 mm. Said laying chamber (6) comprises containers (9) positioned in the lower part (6b) of the laying chamber (6), under the screen (7), to collect eggs and / or larvae insects. Each container (9) comprises a nourishing substrate. This substrate is preferably composed of bran flour and / or fruits and / or vegetables and / or fresh manure. In addition, said laying chamber (6) consists of a floor, a ceiling and side walls, at least one of which is translucent. The translucent side wall is preferably made of glass, such as double glazing for better thermal insulation, or plexiglass and other walls, including the floor, may be made of any insulating material well known to those skilled in the art . It should be noted that the ceiling is also translucent and made of double glazing for thermal insulation. In addition, the upper part (6a) comprises lighting means (10), of the daylight type, of about 1600 to 2500 lumens, with lamps whose filament heat will be between 2700 and 6500 degrees Kelvin. This upper part (6a), or aviary allows the mating flies, which is usually in flight. In order to favor egg laying, the device according to the invention advantageously comprises reeds (11) extending in the upper part (6a) of the laying chamber (6). These reefs (11) consist of honeycomb pieces suspended from the ceiling of the laying chamber (6) and can be obtained in any suitable material. Furthermore, the pupa chamber (1) is obtained in an insulating and opaque material and comprises lighting means (12) of the daylight type, from about 1600 to 2500 lumens, with lamps whose filament heat will be between 2700 and 6500 degrees Kelvin. These lighting means are advantageously positioned in the upper part of said pupa chamber (1) so as to illuminate only the passage towards the pipe (8) opening into the laying chamber (6). The blower heater (4) and the humidifier (5) are positioned on the floor of the puff chamber (1) under a grid (13). In this embodiment, the blower heater consists of a heat pump coupled to a fan; However, it is obvious that the blower heater may consist of any type of blower heating well known to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It will be observed that the blower heating device is advantageously reversible so that, in case of high heat, said device can produce cold to maintain the appropriate temperature in said chamber of pupae (1).
    [0008] Moreover, when using another laying chamber (6), or when opening the doors or drawers for access to the bins (3), for filling said beakers with pupae, no flies have not yet been transferred to the laying chamber (6). For this reason, before opening the chamber of pupae (1), the latter will be cooled, causing a lethargy of the flies, which will not take flight. Thus, an operator will have a few minutes to refuel the chamber of pupae (1) in new pupae. The temperate air will then be restored and the pipe (8) opening into the laying chamber (6) can be opened again. Advantageously, it can be provided on one of the walls of the pupa chamber an upper hatch with mosquito net, not shown in the figures, to allow the flow of fresh air outside of said chamber of pupae (1 ). Advantageously, the pupa chamber (1) comprises a temperature sensor (14) and a hygrometry sensor (15) extending inside said chamber of pupae (1) and connected to a control box (16) controlling the blower heater and the humidifier, said control box being preferably positioned outside the pupa chamber (1). - 8 - Incidentally, the laying chamber (6) has, on one of its side walls, just above the sieve (7), a hatch (17) allowing access to the laying chamber (6) for recovering dead flies fallen on the sieve (7) either for the purpose of cleaning or for the purpose of producing chitin. For this purpose, the screen (7) preferably consists of a net mounted on one side on a reel and the other side on a reel, the reel and / or reel being mechanized, electro-motorized and / or automated . Furthermore, the device according to the invention may comprise baffles (18) extending under the screen (7) and guiding the larvae into the containers (9).
    [0009] Referring to Figure 2, the device according to the invention may comprise two spawning chambers (6) and a single chamber of pupae (1), said spawning chambers (6) being connected to the chamber of pupae (1) by two pipes (8) comprising means for closing / opening said pipes. In this way, when the quantity of dead flies on the sieve (7) of a first laying chamber (6) is too great, it will be possible to direct the neoformed flies to the second laying chamber (6), the pipe (8) leading to the first spawning chamber (6) then being closed and the pipe leading to the second spawning chamber (6) being open.
    [0010] It is obvious that the chamber of pupae (1) and / or the laying chamber (s) (6) can be mounted on rails to move them relative to each other without departing from the scope of the invention. The operation of the device for the breeding of insects according to the invention will now be explained with reference to FIG. 1. The tubs (3) of the pupa chamber (1) are filled with mature larvae, ready to be transformed into pupae. The transformation of larvae into pupae can last from 10 days to four months, depending on the hygrometry and the temperature that can be set by the regulating box (16) controlling the blower (4) and the humidifier (5). In normal use, to collect a regular production of flies, it is necessary to supply the bins (3) in larvae, every day, every two days, or more, according to the desired production rate. Incidentally, it is possible to add drugs and / or homeopathic remedies and / or other compounds in the water misted or vaporized by the humidifier (5) to obtain a possible change in the growth rate and / or the size of the larvae. It will be observed that the shelf (2) receiving the bins (3) may include a plurality of drawers which will be advantageously perforated to allow the passage of pulsed air and water misted or vaporized. In a particular embodiment, these drawers will be made in wire mesh for example. The imagos, after transformation of the pupae, go towards the pipe (8) pushed by the air flow until reaching the upper part (6a) laying chamber (6). It will be observed that the flow of air then prevents the imagos, that is to say the flies, from returning to the pupa chamber (1). In this upper part (6a) of the laying chamber (6), the flies usually mate in flight, then said flies lay their eggs on the rest (11) suspended from the ceiling of said laying chamber (6). The eggs and / or larvae pass through the sieve (7) and are guided by the baffles (18) into the containers (9) positioned under the sieve (7) while the dead flies fall on the sieve (7) without crossing it. These native larvae are collected in the containers (9), daily, and packaged in insulated boxes, necessary for their transport and their routing to the place of composting.
    [0011] It will be observed that it is possible to obtain regular and continuous production of black soldier flies. Indeed, from a single production of mature larvae, stored and kept in a temperate space at 15 °, it is possible to stop for a time the transformation into a pupa, then, a certain amount of mature larvae, is removed, and installed in bins (3), to take place in the chamber of pupae (1). Samples of mature larvae, from the temperate space at 15 °, every day, every two days, every three days, etc ... can feed the pupal chamber (1), regularly, according to the production needs. This allows to obtain a regular production of flies. In addition, it will be observed that there will be no flies at the place of production because all the mature larvae will be self-harvested after composting. Incidentally, the device according to the invention may be mobile by being mounted on a chassis such as a truck, a trailer or the like in order to be closer to a major production area, such as, for example, a waste disposal plant, a garbage treatment plant, a breeding of 500 to 1000 cattle, etc. In addition, the device according to the invention may include one or more cameras in the chamber of pupae (1) and / or or in the egg chamber (6) to remotely control the evolution of larval metamorphosis, mating of flies and egg laying. Finally, it is obvious that the examples which have just been given are only particular illustrations and in no way limiting as to the field of application of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1 - Device for breeding flying insects Hermetia type Illucens or similar, characterized in that it consists of at least a first chamber called pupa (1) comprising at least one shelf (2) receiving bins (3) in which are placed insect pupae, a blower heater (4) and a humidifier (5), at least one second so-called laying chamber (6) comprising at least one horizontal screen (7) separating said spawning chamber (6) into an upper part (6a) called aviary and a lower part (6b) said collector, said sieve (7) having holes whose dimensions are just greater than the dimensions of eggs and larvae d insects and whose dimensions are smaller than the dimensions of the insects imagos, and a pipe (8) connecting the chamber of pupae (1) to the upper part (6a) of the laying chamber (6).
    [0002]
    2 - Device according to the preceding claim characterized in that the screen (7) consists of a net.
    [0003]
    3 - Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the meshes of the net have dimensions of 2 mm by 2 or 3 mm.
    [0004]
    4 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that it comprises containers (9) positioned in the lower part (6b) of the laying chamber (6), under the screen (7), so collect the eggs and / or larvae of the insects.
    [0005]
    5 - Device according to claim 4 characterized in that each container (9) comprises a nourishing substrate. 30
    [0006]
    6 - Device according to claim 5 characterized in that said substrate is composed of flour bran and / or fruit and / or vegetables and / or fresh manure.
    [0007]
    7 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the spawning chamber (6) consists of a floor, a translucent ceiling and 35 sidewalls whose at least one wall is translucent.- 12
    [0008]
    8 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that it comprises reefs (11) extending in the upper part (6a) of the spawning chamber (6).
    [0009]
    9 - Device according to claims 7 and 8 characterized in that said repositories (11) consist of honeycombed parts suspended from the ceiling of the spawning chamber (6).
    [0010]
    10 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the blower heater (4) and the humidifier (5) are positioned on the floor of the pupa chamber (1) under a grid (12). ).
    [0011]
    11 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the blower heater (4) consists of a heat pump coupled to a fan.
    [0012]
    12 - Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 characterized in that it comprises at least one temperature sensor (14) and a hygrometry sensor (15) connected to a control box (16) driving the device blower (4) and the humidifier (5).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3013561B1|2016-07-29|
    引用文献:
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    CN109619045A|2018-12-28|2019-04-16|浙江钱江生物化学股份有限公司|A method of bioconversion being carried out to gibberellic acid bacteria residue using black soldier flies larva|
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    法律状态:
    2015-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-11-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-11-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361758A|FR3013561B1|2013-11-28|2013-11-28|DEVICE FOR BREEDING FLYING INSECTS SUCH AS HERMETIA ILLUCENS|FR1361758A| FR3013561B1|2013-11-28|2013-11-28|DEVICE FOR BREEDING FLYING INSECTS SUCH AS HERMETIA ILLUCENS|
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